Organ Lock

Leveraging decentralized public ledgers on Blockchain to solve Black Marketing of Donated Organs and Waitlist Skipping.

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💙 Introduction

Welcome to Organ Lock : The first platform to leverage decentralized public ledgers distributed on a Blockchain to solve Black Marketing of Donated Organs and Waitlist Skipping.

We believe that our platform has the capability to solve an age-old medical problem with leading-edge technology. Let's dive in!

💡 Inspiration

The World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that one out of five kidneys transplanted comes from the black market. Due to the increase in respiratory diseases like COVID 19 recently, there has been a 15% increase in trafficked organs in the past year. Each year, more than 800,000 people need vital organ transplants like liver, kidney, intestine, and pancreas but less than 20% ever received one. Some countries like India have rates as low as 3%.

Unfortunately, the current system cannot evolve to meet our needs. It is not transparent and thus those in charge can easily manipulate the waiting list to favor the rich and influential without trace. Due to critical health conditions and precious time running out, the patient feels hopeless and becomes desperate, resulting in opting to purchase organs illegally. Multiple Research (Cited) show that blockchain might be a possible solution. And possible is all we needed.

⚙ What it does

  1. Tracks donors and patients directly on the blockchain with the help of smart contracts.
  2. Uses Role Based Access System (RBAC) to authorize actions.
  3. Allows donors to sign off their own application with their private key.
  4. Allows doctors to add and match patients to donors via matching algorithm.
  5. Facilitates transparency and traces any transaction made back to the source via the transaction hash.
  6. Forces accountability on the Ethereum blockchain to cease waiting list manipulation and black marketing of donated organs

🔧 How we built it

  1. Truffle suite and ganache to deploy a cluster node on our computers.
  2. Truffle console to interact with the blockchain via the web3 library
  3. Deployed smart contracts written in solidity
  4. Used Infura and the Rinkeby Testnet to deploy our smart contracts onto the blockchain.
  5. React js styled with chakra UI and Web3 to interact with the blockchain. (Deployed on Firebase)

📌 Accomplishments that we're proud of

  1. Deploying the smart contracts onto Rinkeby Blockchain
  2. Working web app for everyone to interact with
  3. Giving this problem a shot and coming together to build something we are all passionate about.

💪 Challenges and What we learned

Deploying the first smart contract was a massive task. But eventually with perseverance, and countless red bulls, we managed to cross that hurdle.

The biggest setback was that none of us knew a single thing about implementing a blockchain. Two of us did not know anything more than elementary python. But that is exactly what we saw as a learning opportunity, because we don't build things based on what we know, but instead, we build things based on what needs to be done.

⏭ What's next for Organ Lock

  1. Implement WHO dashboard that converts all the transaction hashes into user friendly data.
  2. An anomaly detection algorithm that will flag abnormal matching through the waitlist
  3. Rigorous matching algorithm

and a lot more research...

🔥 Conclusion

Each organ is precious, and it must be allocated in the most equitable manner possible. Maintain a waiting list of recipients of organs based on various factors such as patient condition severity, waiting time, medical need, age, etc. These are some of the factors that need to be taken care of as the recipients prepare a priority queue. And using Organ Lock, we want to Light The Future of those who live and hope to continue living among us -- once again.

📚 Research Referenced 📚

T.-T. Kuo, H.-E. Kim and L. Ohno-Machado, "Blockchain distributed ledger technologies for biomedical and health care applications", Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association, vol. 24, no. 6, pp. 1211-1220, 2017, [online] Available: https://doi.org/10.1093/jamia/ocx068.

Elif Çalık, Hilal Kaya, Fatih Vehbi Çelebi, "A novel method to ensure the security of the shared medical data using smart contracts: Organ transplantation sample", Concurrency and Computation: Practice and Experience, 2021.

Lamba, Rishab, et al. “Preventing Waiting List Manipulation And Black Marketing of Donated Organs Through Hyperledger Fabric.” 2019 International Conference on Computing, Communication, and Intelligent Systems (ACCESS), 2019. Crossref, https://doi.org/10.1109/icccis48478.2019.8974526.

Masoodi, Ashwaq. “Why Organ Trafficking Thrives in India.” Mint, 28 May 2015, www.livemint.com/Politics/pxj4YasmivrvAhanv6OOCJ/Why-organ-trafficking-thrives-in-India.html

Lowrey, Annie. “The Kidney Trade” [New York City, New York]. Slate Magazine, 16 Dec. 2010, slate.com/business/2010/12/can-economists-make-the-system-for-organ-transplants-more-humane-and-efficient.html.

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