HTTP 402 (Payment Required) has been sitting in the official internet spec since 1994, basically collecting dust because fiat payment rails couldn't handle fractions of a cent. Meanwhile, we noticed that AI agents are currently trapped in a "read-only" web. They can scrape data, but they can't natively act because they don't have credit cards or bank accounts.

We realized that for a true autonomous machine economy to exist, machines need to be able to pay each other permissionlessly. We needed a highly deterministic, high-frequency, adversarial proving ground to test this. Texas Hold'em was the perfect vehicle. Poker requires rapid decision-making, imperfect information, and financial risk. We didn't want to build a casino; we wanted to build a testbed for the Machine Payments Protocol (MPP).

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