Guidance on how to exchange “Best Practice” on Team level.

#versusvirus team 391

Lead question : How does our mobility in Switzerland change during and after the Corona period? How does the choice of transport mode change?

Team members: Beat Leingruber, Marie Brechbühler Peskova, Kathrin Paschen, Tamara Golliez, Akashleena Sarkar, Lukas von Tobel, Amirsalar Jafari Mentors: Barbara Schnyder, Neil Beecroft, Christina Braendli

We first started to define what type of mobility we should be looking at:

Private:

Cars & Motorbikes - Data from TCS, BfV…
Electrified (Bicycles, Scooters etc) - Stored GPS Data?
Bicycles, Scooters, Pedestrian, Other - OGD and maybe Fitness Trackers

Public transport:

Bus, tram, train, ships
Planes
School buses
Taxis, UBER
Rental (cars, bikes etc)and Car sharing

We then looked into ways how to gather data: statistics, surveys, and raw GPS data of people (phones). We searched the net and found various websites and services where mobility data is aggregated or analyzed, shown in the table below:

kanton zuerich #covid19mon collection of links for traffic analysis, collected for opendata hackathon (but not used there). i've listed some links separately below all of them, including publibikes and such https://db.schoolofdata.ch/project/66

kanton zuerich #covid19mon results of hackathon project regarding air quality all that affect air quality; this data provides an indirect metric for traffic https://db.schoolofdata.ch/project/63

Bundesamt fuer Strassen (Astra) official data for traffic on roads, some of it already evaluated esp. for corona effects car traffic on major roads https://www.astra.admin.ch/astra/de/home/dokumentation/verkehrsdaten/daten-publikationen/automatische-strassenverkehrszaehlung/neues-coronavirus_verkehrsentwicklung-auf-dem-nationalstrassennetz.html

Bundesamt fuer Strassen (Astra) official car counts over time at zaehlstellen. incl. a csv with a comparison of mar 2020 to 2019 car traffic on major roads https://www.astra.admin.ch/astra/de/home/dokumentation/verkehrsdaten/daten-publikationen/automatische-strassenverkehrszaehlung/neues-coronavirus_verkehrsentwicklung-auf-dem-nationalstrassennetz.html this shows pretty clearly the drop in personal vehicle traffic but goods traffic remaining constant. Also, some locations have stronger drop-off on weekend (fewer excursions?) than during the week (some people still need to get to work). e.g. Bern West is very different from Gotthard. Probably doesn't tell us anything we didn't know, but still nice evidence. BFS public traffic stats from amt fuer statistik. only up to mar 12 but generally useful to get an idea of scales public transport; but data only available up to mar 12 2020 https://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/de/home/statistiken/mobilitaet-verkehr/querschnittsthemen/oeffentlicher-verkehr.html#1353525623

SBB An api for interactive or (limited volume) programmatic queries. mostly which trains ran, delays. trains https://data.sbb.ch/api/v1/console/datasets/1.0/search/

Bundesamt fuer Verkehr (BAV) no stats, but general information public transport https://www.bav.admin.ch/bav/de/home/themen-a-z/coronavirus.html

zurich airport movements of planes; pretty clear drop off flights https://www.flughafen-zuerich.ch/unternehmen/laerm-politik-und-umwelt/flugbewegungen/bewegungsstatistik

city of zurich air quality measurements (daily or hourly). already available as csv air quality https://data.stadt-zuerich.ch/dataset/luftqualitaet-tages-aktuelle-messungen

geoportal des bundes bike sharing data until 2019 bikes (historic) https://data.geo.admin.ch/ch.bfe.bikesharing/

are (bund) stated preference survey on consumer behaviour. not done in 2020 public transport https://www.are.admin.ch/are/de/home/verkehr-und-infrastruktur/grundlagen-und-daten/stated-preference-befragung.html

are (bund) microcensus on mobility behaviour all of them i think, but not for 2020 https://www.are.admin.ch/are/de/home/verkehr-und-infrastruktur/grundlagen-und-daten/mzmv.html

opendata sbb utilization, usually up to at most mar 13. for utilization, the only real source i can see is number of people at train stations, but that data isn't available for 2020 trains https://opendata.swiss/en/organization/schweizerische-bundesbahnen-sbb?q=sbb&sort=score+desc%2C+metadata_modified+desc

opendata / sbb planned vs. actual departure times of trains. this doesn't tell you how many people used the trains, just shows the difference in timetables (which is surely well known from other sources?) trains https://opendata.swiss/en/dataset/soll-ist-vergleich-abfahrts-ankunftszeiten-sbb-vortag

sbb sbb and zvv etc should really know how many people bought or invalidated tickets on a given day, and at which stations. public transport https://data.sbb.ch/pages/home20/

statistik.zh.ch mobility behaviour of people. based on a 2015 survey all of them https://statistik.zh.ch/dam/justiz_innern/statistik/Publikationen/statistik_info/si_2017_08_mobilitaet_mzmv2015.pdf.spooler.download.1510137094421.pdf/si_2017_08_mobilitaet_mzmv2015.pdf

stadt zuerich counts of pedestrians and bikes at fixed stations. this is very detailed (by day and station) and goes up to apr 2nd pedestrians and bikes https://data.stadt-zuerich.ch/dataset/ted_taz_verkehrszaehlungen_werte_fussgaenger_velo this project: https://github.com/1b15/walk-flow might have the code needed to evaluate this stadt zuerich count of cars in the city at various station cars https://data.stadt-zuerich.ch/dataset/sid_dav_verkehrszaehlung_miv_od2031

Genf Use of public Parkings in Geneva Cars https://ge.ch/sitg/sitg_catalog/sitg_donnees?keyword=&geodataid=6586&topic=tous&service=tous&datatype=tous&distribution=tous&sort=auto historical data until 2019. for 2020, wei can only get data for the current day? lets download csv or other format. could compare today's data with similar day last year swiss-bike-data availability of shared bikes in zurich bikes (only 2020) https://github.com/swiss-bike-data/get-zuerich-bikeshare-data/tree/master/data

Handy data from Swisscom to observe the mobility in general Opendata from swisscom User dislocation https://opendata.swisscom.com/pages/home/

Survey of BfS regarding mobility

https://www.bfs.admin.ch/bfs/de/home/statistiken/mobilitaet-verkehr/erhebungen/mzmv.html

Extrapolation to count pedestrians (Hackathon initiative)

https://hack.opendata.ch/project/422

Swiss Enterprise for Mobility Forecasting

https://www.swisstraffic.ch/content/smart-mobility/mobility-analytics/

Furthermore, we found also already services that have looked into mobility changes specifically - for instance a recent data report from Google:

https://www.gstatic.com/covid19/mobility/2020-03-29_CH_Mobility_Report_en.pdf

This report clearly shows that mobility is strongly reduced in Switzerland, notably since March 22 (for instance, -80% of traffic at retail and recreation places, -50% at grocery and pharmacy sites, -40% in parks, -70% in transit stations, -45% at work sites and +15% at home).

We also found a page that monitors German social distancing: www.everyonecounts.de

Here are the takeaways from the search we conducted:

People are moving less now than in February and March 2019
Road traffic data shows less private car traffic, esp. on weekends, same amount of lorry (goods) traffic on motorways.
Kargo.Bike reports bike deliveries up 10-20x since a few weeks

What we could not extract from this data:

Are people travelling at different times of the day?
Are people shifting their necessary trips away from public transport (onto private car / bike / foot traffic)?
Impact on trust into public transportation vs. private transportation (in terms of 'healthy' travelling)

To address these questions, a **survey* would have to be conducted*.

We have gathered the following that would have to be addressed in such a survey:

Sociodemographic Criteria:

Gender
Age
Region (City vs. rural area)
Profession
Kids (at home?)

Home Office:

Home office before?
Efficiency of home office in this profession?

Transportation related Items:

Mobility changes in recent weeks
Main factors for those changes
Assessment of mobility restrictions relating to work / leisure / shopping
Amount of Trust in Safety / Health related to different means of transportations
What influences trust? - Amount of Space per Person; - Possibilities to disinfect hands

We decided that it would be out of our competence to design a survey, let alone conduct it ourselves. However, this would clearly be a useful tool to address the global overarching question.

Following this data search, we now realized that many initiatives already existed that tried to understand how mobility changes. At this stage, we took the help of a mentor to define a concrete problem statement where we could provide a benefit:

This resulted in the following problem statement:

Problem Statement

How can we help commuters to be able to commute over a larger time frame or even commute less? Problems mainly arise at peak hours in personal and public traffic and on main traffic lines (Intercity, urban areas).